Framework · 2026

Refractive Enhancement After Presbyopia-Correcting IOLs

Residual Refractive Error, Bioptics & Secondary Surgical Strategies

Version 1.3 · 14 October 2026 · 11 landscape A4 pages

An evidence-informed review of enhancement rates and secondary refractive strategies after multifocal, trifocal and EDOF IOL implantation, featuring a practical clinical decision tree and six patient scenarios.

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Enhancement Evidence Overview

Platform-specific enhancement evidence and limitations; reported proportions are not comparable platform rankings — Image preview from the complete publication: platform-specific evidence and its limitations.

Clinical Enhancement Decision Tree

Independent OIE evidence-informed guidance, not an externally validated treatment algorithm. The full PDF contains six educational scenarios, treatment evidence, methodology and references.

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Publication transparency

Funding: This publication received no external funding.
Conflict of interest: The author declares no relevant financial conflicts of interest related to this publication.
Editorial independence: This review was independently prepared by Ophthalmic Intelligence Europe. No IOL manufacturer was involved in the selection, interpretation, preparation or approval of its content.

Evidence appraised through 14 October 2026. Version 1.3.

Methodology and evidence interpretation →